Introduction: The relationship between periodontal disease, obesity and diabetes is crucial because of their mutual negative impact. Periodontitis worsens glycemic control in diabetics and increases the risk of developing diabetes. Obesity, in turn, increases susceptibility to periodontal disease.

Objective: To analyze the literature on the association of periodontal disease, obesity and diabetes, mainly its diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Methodology: A search of articles published mainly in the last 5 years was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The search was implemented using Boolean operators AND, OR, NOT. Keywords used for the search included: “periodontal disease”, “obesity”, “diabetes”, “diagnosis”, “prevention”, “treatment”.

Results: Early and accurate diagnosis of periodontal disease, diabetes and obesity is essential for proper patient health management. Periodontal examination, HbA1c measurement and waist circumference index assessment are essential tools to identify individuals at risk for developing these conditions and to take preventive measures or initiate timely treatment. Treatment of periodontal disease in people with obesity and diabetes requires a comprehensive approach that includes glycemic control, a healthy diet, regular physical activity, proper oral hygiene and regular dental visits. Implementing these strategies can improve oral health, reduce systemic inflammation and decrease the risk of complications associated with these chronic diseases.

Conclusions: Obesity, diabetes and periodontal disease are interconnected. A comprehensive approach is key to preventing and managing these diseases. Lifestyle changes, oral hygiene and medical care are essential. Improving oral health reduces inflammation, and the risk of complications.